Modified SAMPA Phonetic Alphabet

symbol pronounced as in description

p spit, apple unvoiced bilabial unaspirated oral plosive

p_h pit, appear unvoiced bilabial aspirated oral plosive

b bit, tub voiced bilabial oral plosive

m mitt, limb voiced bilabial nasal

t stick, pit unvoiced alveolar unaspirated oral plosive

t_h tick, attack unvoiced alveolar aspirated oral plosive

d Dick, Sid voiced alveolar oral plosive

n nick, sin voiced alveolar nasal

k skin, scat unvoiced velar unaspirated oral plosive

k_h kin, critic unvoiced velar aspirated oral plosive

g girl, bag voiced velar oral plosive

N sing, long voiced velar nasal

f fat, half unvoiced labio-dental fricative

v vat, have voiced labio-dental fricative

s sip, bus unvoiced alveolar fricative

z zip, buzz voiced alveolar fricative

T thigh, bath unvoiced interdental fricative

D thy, bathe voiced interdental fricative

S ship, fish unvoiced alveo-palatal fricative

Z measure, mirage voiced alveo-palatal fricative

tS chain, rich unvoiced palatal affricate

dZ Jane, ridge voiced palatal affricate

l leaf, feel voiced lateral alveolar liquid

r reef, fear voiced retroflex alveolar liquid

j yes, you voiced palatal glide

w witch, swim voiced labio-velar glide

h hat, who unvoiced glottal glide

i beet, bean tense high front vowel

A bought, bar low back vowel

O ball, core lax rounded mid-low back vowel

u boot, boon tense rounded high vowel

r= Bert, burn syllabic ``r''

I bit, bin lax mid-high front vowel

e bet, Ben lax mid front vowel

a , { bat, ban mid-low front vowel

V but, bun mid-low middle vowel

U put, good lax rounded mid-high vowel

@ the, alone lax mid-low back vowel (schwa)

EI bait, bane tense mid to high front diphthong

AI bite, bind lax low rounded to tense high front diphthong

OI boy, doily lax rounded to tense high front diphthong

@U boat, no tense rounded mid to high diphthong

aU doubt, now low back to rounded high diphthong