Stratificational Grammar

Stratificational grammar incorporates different types of linguistic relationship, the most important of which are defined according the following three criteria:

1. the direction of the relation:
   
   
2. the sequencing or priority of the elements participating in the relation:
   
   
3. do the elements participate together in the relationship or are they alternatives:
   
   

• DOWNWARD ORDERED AND

 

• DOWNWARD UNORDERED OR

 

• UPWARD UNORDERED OR

 

The lists ending in small circles represent empty categories.